Fluid change gear



May 29, 1934. P. F. A. KGcI-ILING FLUID CHANGE GEAR Original Filed sept. 29, 1930 Jrwentor Amaze/Mt Patented May .29, 1934 UNITED, s'mrss- FLUID CHANGE GEAR Paul Ferdinand Anton Kiichling, Kiel, Germany assiznor to Heinrich Gottschalk and Wilhelm Steinkopfl, Hamburg, Germany Beilled for abandoned 485,179, September29,

November 25, 1931, Serial No. Germany November 21,

Claims. (Cl. Bil-54) The invention relates to a fluid change gear with driving centrifugal pump, driven turbine and guide-blade-rim, all the blade-rims of pump, turbine and guide-rim being arranged in a closed circuit and being not axially shiftable. Further the driven turbine is adapted to be coupled to the driving shaft.

Fluid change gears of this type show the disadvantage that the guide-blade-rim, during working as pump and turbine, must naturally be sta tionary, i. e., may not rotate in that case, when the driven turbine is directlycoupled to the driving shaft and acts like a brake making worse the degree of efiiciency. of the power transmission. In gears of this type hitherto known this disad vantage, has been eliminated by emptying the fluid gear (pump, turbine, guide-rim and the casing including them) before cutting-in the clutch between pump and turbine, so that after coupling the air-friction at the guide-blade-rim alone could decrease the degree of emciency. This design, however, naturally had the disadvantage that the emptying oi the fluid-gear as well as the refilling of the same requires a certain time and herewith simultaneously also the change 0! gear. Gears of this type can consequently only be employed for such purposes in which the change of gear has not to be carried out suddenly.

In the present invention this disadvantage is removed by the ginde-blade-rim being rotatably mounted upon the turbine and adapted to be stopped bya brake, thereby making it possible to stop the guide-blade-rim by the brake whilst the fluid-gear is working and to run it together with pump and turbine when the clutch is engaged, so that no relative movements whatever and consequently. no losses through liquid frictions can occur inside the fluid-gear. Consequently emptying and refilling the fluid-gear is no more necessary. In such fluid change gears however a great difilculty still exists in changing the gear in a short time in order to avoid that during the changing of gear the power transssion between the driving and the driven shaft is interrupted for a longer time.

Besides it is difflcult to operate the clutch for the connection of turbine and driving shaft at the same time with the necessary facility and rapidity and, furthermore, to guarantee the clutch being already disengaged at the changing over when the brake is engaged and, on the other hand, the brake for stopping the guide-rim being already disengaged when the clutch for the connection of turbine and driving shaft is being press against a spring 17 fastened to the application Serial No. 1930. This application 57737554. in 1927 engaged and further to guarantee that the clutch disengaged cannot diminish the efliciency.

According to the invention these difiiculties are overcome thereby that a'fluid power produced by i the driving motor operates the brake, which w serves for stopping the guide-rim, andthe clutch between pump and turbine by means of a control valve. The brake and clutch are not lying in the fluid as at the known constructions but in air. The timely correct working of the brake and the clutch is caused by resistances tuned to one another which are arranged in the pipes between the control valve and the power-cylinders or at the brake and clutch themselves.

The drawing represents a fiuid-change-gear with hydraulic operation of the brake and clutch as an example of the object of the invention, in which, e. g., the resistance at the brake is designed as counter-spring and the resistance at the clutch as spring in connection with lever action.

Instead of the change-gear shown in the drawing the gear can also be provided with a larger number of turbines and guide-rims.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view, partly in longi- 8% tudinal section, of the fluid change gear; and

Fig. 2 is a detail view, in section, oi the control Valve.

According to the Figure l the driving shaft 1 indirectly or directly connected to the driving engine (not shown in the drawing) is rigidly connected to acentrifugal pinup 2 forming a part of a fluid circuit of known type also consisting in the driven turbine-rim 3, the guideblade-rim 4 and the driven turbine-rim 5. Y The 0 driven turbine-rims 3 and 5 are rigidly connected to one another and to the driven shaft 6. The guide-blade-rim 4 is a part of the gear casing 7 rotatably mounted on the shaft 6 and on the turbine-nave 3a and also formed as a brakedrum 8. .The brake-drum 8 can be stopped by the brake-cheeks, brake-bands or brake-jaws 9,

9! arranged in pairs opposite and being connected with the power pistons 10, 10'. A clutch-rim 11 provided with grooves is fitted to the driven 10o turbine-rims 3 and 5. One or several segmentdisks 12 glidein the grooves of the clutch-rim 11. A clutch-flange 13, also having grooves, is rigidly connected to the driving shaft 1. .An inner clutch disk 14 glides in these grooves. Besides, the clutch-flange 13 is provided with three eyes being in an angle of 120 from each other of which one (15) is visible. Bent-levers 16 are pivotally mounted at these eyes which, with their cam,

inner clutch-disk id. A 'clutch sleeve. i8 is ahiitelvly arranged on the driving shaft 1 end has three eyes; guidine' rode 19 are pivoted on tixese eyes.

the sleeve 18 is at the stop 24 (as drown), the

disk-type-clutch is disengaged, if it is oi: the stop 25 then it is engaged. The stops 2% end 25 es well as the stops oi the pistons 22, 22 cause the sleeve 18 to rotate free of pressure about the pressure-disk 20 when the clutch-is engaged or disengaged.- Tlie guiding rod 19 lies, the clutch being engaged, in the position drown in dotted lines, title other pelts accordingly. if the clutch is engaged, the driving shaft 1 is thereby directly T connected to the driven sheit e. The pressure springs 3?, 3t lvizoe in the cylinders oi the pie tons ill, it sexie Zoe lilting up the breisewheeks 9, t. The eylindere oi the coder-one ill, 10' and 22, 22' are connected with e oouteol-velve 26 by pipes, that is, valve 2% is connected to the cylinders oi the pistons ill, to by the 1312388 8%, 38 end to the ovlindem oi pistons. 22, 22' log," the pipes 35, 35' end 36, St, A pipe fil leeiie from the control-cools 26 to e pump 2% driven by meens oi tooth vvloeels at, to; by time driving shaft 1. The suction pioe Sill oi the pump 28' communicates with o fluid oouteiuei e2 whioli is again connected by e pipe 33 to the ooutt-el valve 26.

In 2 the eontrol-vdlve is drawn in detail, in tlie easing 26 is rotatably the cool; 26a which is. continuously in commoetiom through the pipe 2*? with the pressure come 28. The interim oi the cosine 26 oommuuiceteo through the pipe 33 thefiuld-contoiner 3,

When the driving shell; 1 is rotated, pump 2e feeds liquid under messui'e through else 27? to control-omen or oocls=velve 2e, which is provided with a rotatable oooli: 2611, adopted to be rotewd lay its lever 3%. (Cook 260; is l ollovv end its imterios chamber 39 is continuously in commuoi= cation with gimme 28 by means of e, pessege ill in the well of sold cook opposite e circular reoeee ill in body it of sold velve, see Fig. 2. A second pesseee in seid cools permits oowiieotlou oi olmmber so with pipes 35, 35', 38 or oh pipes 36, 3% according to the position of we zoo. Reoesses in the well of said cool; tinu ousiv oounleete through pipe 33 with fluid container 32 not under pressure, so that oll tt merit of tliese recesses with pipes 38,35 sold 35?: pei mits free discharge of fluid under from the cylinders for pistons 10, m 22 22' respectively.

Elie respective cylinders and piston sides, to

- which, at times, no piessure-fluid is carried, communicete with the fluid container -32 through the cool: 26a and the pipe 33.

In order to guerentee, hen nove from turbine-speed to direct drive,the.t the brake cheeks or brake-bends 9, 9 are released before the disk-clutch 11, i2, 13, 14 is engaged, thesprings 37 are fitted in the cylinders for the power-pistons 10, 10' causing an immediate releas in: of the brake when changing-over by the lever brake on the one adult-levees for the disk-clutch a certain, although veiw short, time is required, because the clutch. is only engaged after the powerpistons 22, 22 have been shifted towards the right. The controlling of brake and. clutch in the correct sequence, when changing-over from direel; to turbine drive, is caused by the fact that the fluid pressure in the pipes 35, 35' necessary for disengogiiog the clutch is smaller then the pressure neoeesm'y ioP-oveico the tension of the springs 3'3, 3?, and thet only after the clutch has been disengeeed does the pressure rise suiflciently to press the broke-cheeks 9, 9' egoinst theorem-drum 8. Tue action of the bent levers l6 end it) is so ensioneol that the pres-sure necessary Z01 dleengegizig the clutch is smaller lienthot required for engaging the brake. As, owever, in the position of the lever 341 for turtime-.speed the same pressure exists in the pipes 35, 35' and in the cylinders of the power-pistons 10, it end as they oounicate with one another ugh the cool; 26a, the clutch sleeve 18 is at shifted to its end position 24, then the pressure in the pipes automatically increases and p the broke-cheeks 9, 9' against the brokelilo i l; m:

The mom odvonteee oi the invention is the extremely rapid Gilttlll$=0li6f end the easy loo-u by d oiugle lever to end iurtliev the meet efloieuoy of time power tmou.

The eloove epplieetion is e, refilling oi my elbow domed application See. No. 485,179, filed Sept. 29, lost.

@loviously the invention con lie corned out in difierent wow, of which one example oi embodi mo ment lies been represented in the drawing. 1, tloexeiore, do'not Wish to be limited to the illustroted construction, but whet l broadly oloim es my invention and desiice to secure by Letters Petexit to: y

l. A fluid change-deed comprising: e dzdvlug centviiuzgel pump ooonected to a driving elmit, a. driven omit, e turbine. connected to said driven shalt, e suiole-lolede-rim rotatably mounted upon the turbine, all the lilodeof pump, turbine and guide-rim ed in a, single closed cirouit, e broke for stopping said guide-blede-rim, e. clutch between out and driven shaft with loentlever-tro,nsion, ovlinders and pistons for operating sold clutch, e fixed frame with pressure- 1% cylinders ice operating sold brake and clutch, a, pump for generating e power medium, a, control meets for distrilou the power medi on the presume-cylinders, springs and pistons in. the pressure cylinders oi the brake for stoppin the guide-blede-fim. sold springs and pistons of said head and the pistons for clutch and its bent-lever-t on the other hand being so dimensioned that the fluid pressure in, the cylinders for disensazine the clutch is smaller than the pressure in cylinders for en- L the brake. 2. A fluid AIM. comprising e driving centrifugal pump connected to a driving shalt, a driven shaft, o turbine connected to said driven shaft, 9. guide-blede-rim rotatably mounted upon the turbine, all the blede-rims of pump, turbine cuit. a brake for st pping said guide-blade-rim, a clutch between driving and driven shaft M111 5 bent-lever-on, cylinders and pistons for operating aaid' clutch, enxed imme with pressure-cylinders tkor operating said brake and clutch, a. pump orgenerating a. power medium, a control means tor'diattihutins the power me;

dium on the pressure-cylinders, springs and pistons, in the pressure cylinders of saidbrake for stopping the guide-blade-rim, said springs and the fluid-pressure in the cylinders for disengaging the clutch is smaller than the pressure in cylinders for engaging the brake and said springs causing also automatic releasing the brake when no pressure-fluid is supplied to the corresponding cylinders.

8. A fluid change-gear comprising a driving shaft, a centrifugal pump connected to said shaft,

a driven shaft, a turbine comiected to said driven Y shaft, a guide-blade-rim rotatably mounted upon the turbine, a brake for locking said guide-bladerim against rotation, a clutch member for directly coupling said driving shaft with said-driven shaft, a plurality of stationary hydraulic means coupled with said clutch and said brake for actuation thereof and a single means controlling said bydraulic means in timed relation, all the blade rims of the pump, the turbine and the guide rim being arranged in a single closed circuit.

4. A fluid change gear comprising a frame, a driving shaft rotatably mounted in said frame, a centrifugal pump secured to said shaft, a driven shaft rotatably mounted in said frame, a turbine secured to said driven shaft, a guide-blade-rim rotatably mounted upon the turbine, a brake for shiitable clutching means between said driving and driven shait for direct coupling of said shafts with each other, hydraulic means for shiiting'said clutching means, hydraulic means for actuating said brake and a single means controlling both said hydraulic means in timed relation, all the blade rims of the pump, the turbine and the guide rim being arranged in a single closed circuit.

5. A fluid change gear comprising a driving shaft, a centrifugal pump connected to said shaft, a driven shaft, a turbine connected to said driven shaft, a guide-blade-rim rotatably mounted upon the turbine, a brake for locking said guide-bladerim against rotation, a clutch member for directly coupling said driving shaft with said driven shaft, hydraulic means for actuating said clutch memher, yielding means for counteracting actuation of said clutch member, hydraulic means for actuating said brake member, yielding means for counteracting actuation of said brake member and a single operating member controlling both said hydraulic means, said means for counteracting actuation of said clutch member being of less resistance than the yielding means counteracting said actuation of said brake member to effect timed actuation of said brake member with respect to said clutch member, all the blade rims oi the pump, the turbine and the guide rim being arranged in a single closed circuit.

PAUL FERDINAND ANTON KQCHLING.

locking said guide-blade-rim against rotation, 

